{"id":58,"date":"2010-04-12T22:57:30","date_gmt":"2010-04-13T05:57:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/urdu.adnanmasood.com\/?p=58"},"modified":"2010-04-12T22:57:30","modified_gmt":"2010-04-13T05:57:30","slug":"%da%a9%d9%85%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%b9%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%86%d8%b3-%d9%85%db%8c%da%ba-%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%88-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%be%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%82%db%8c%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/urdu.adnanmasood.com\/2010\/04\/%da%a9%d9%85%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%b9%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%86%d8%b3-%d9%85%db%8c%da%ba-%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%88-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%be%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%82%db%8c%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%aa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u06a9\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0679\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0628 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u060c\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0639 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d2 \u067e\u0631\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u0648\u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633 \u067e\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0648\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u06c1 \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u06c1\u062a \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0627 \u062c\u0627 \u0686\u06a9\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2. \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u06a9\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0679\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06c1\u0648\u0646\u06d2 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u0688\u06cc\u0679\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0646\u06af \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0646\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u06d2 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u06d2 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06c1 \u062c\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 .\u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u062c\u06c1 \u0633\u0646 \u0662\u0660\u0660\u0660 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u06d2 \u06c1\u0648\u0646\u06d2 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u06d2 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0648\u06ba \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0679\u0631\u0632. \u0688\u0627\u06a9\u0679\u0631\u06cc\u0679 \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0686 \u0688\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06c1 \u062c\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631 \u06c1\u0648\u06af\u06cc \u062c\u0648 \u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0626\u06cc\u00a0 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u06a9\u0648\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0679 \u067e\u0631 \u0686\u06be\u067e \u0686\u06a9\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba.<\/p>\n

\u06a9\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0679\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0633\u00a0 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u0627 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06c1 \u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u060c \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0626\u06d2 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u06a9\u06cc \u067e\u06c1\u0686\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0631 \u06c1\u06d2 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u0651<\/p>\n

Robust Urdu character recognition using Fourier descriptors
\nby Lodhi, Saeed M., Ph.D., University of Denver, 2004, 190 pages<\/p>\n

AlphaRank: A new smoothing algorithm based on combination of link analysis techniques and frequency based methods
\nby Mukhtar, Omar, M.S., State University of New York at Buffalo, 2009, 81 pages; AAT 1469108<\/p>\n

Arabic handwriting recognition using machine learning approaches
\nby Ball, Gregory Raymond, Ph.D., State University of New York at Buffalo, 2007, 107 pages<\/p>\n

\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u06c1\u00a0\u00a0\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u0626\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06d2 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0644\u062a\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0645\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0688\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u06d2 \u0633\u06d2\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0648\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u06c1 \u0648\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u06c1 . \u0645\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0646\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u06d2 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06d2 \u0633\u06d2 \u06cc\u06c1 \u06a9\u06c1\u062a\u06d2 \u0686\u0644\u06cc\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u06cc\u06c1 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u06d2 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06be\u0645(\u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u06c1 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u06d2 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0641\u0638 \u06c1\u06d2<\/a>) \u06a9\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062a\u06d2 \u06c1\u0648\u06d2 \u06a9\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0679\u0631 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0633\u06cc\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u06d2 \u06a9\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06a9\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0679\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06d2 \u0688\u06cc\u0679\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633 \u067e\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u06d2 \u06af\u0626\u06d2 \u0641\u06cc\u0635\u0644\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u06be\u062a\u06d2 \u06c1\u0648 \u0626\u06d2 \u0646\u0626\u06d2 \u0641\u06cc\u0635\u0644\u06d2 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0633\u06d2 \u06a9\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u06a9\u06be\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2. \u06cc\u06c1 \u0679\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u06cc\u00a0 \u060c \u0635\u0648\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u060c \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u067e\u06cc\u0644 \u0686\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u06c1 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0679\u0648 \u0641\u0644\u0679\u0631\u0646\u06af \u062c\u0633\u06d2 \u0622\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u067e\u0633\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0627 \u067e\u0633\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06c1 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0646\u06d2 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u0626\u06d2 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06cc\u06c1 \u06a9\u06c1\u062a\u06d2 \u0686\u0644\u06cc\u06ba \u06a9\u06c1 \u0645\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0646\u0646\u06af \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06c1\u00a0 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u06c1\u0648\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u06d2 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646 \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062c\u0646\u06c1\u0648\u06ba \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06a9\u0648\u0634\u0634\u06cc\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba\u0642\u0631\u06c3\u0627\u0644\u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0622\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 .<\/p>\n

A study of word frequency in written Urdu
\nby Khan, Quratulain H., M.A., University of Windsor (Canada), 2006, 40 pages;<\/p>\n

\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646 \u0679\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0644\u0679\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u067e\u0631 \u06c1\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc ‘\u0627\u0633\u0679\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u06af’ \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u067e\u0631 \u06cc\u06c1 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06c1 \u0627\u0686\u06be\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646\u06cc \u0688\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2<\/p>\n

Transliteration based Search Engine for Multilingual Information Access
\nProceedings of CLIAWS3, Third International Cross Lingual Information Access Workshop, Bounder, Colorado.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0679\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u0644\u0688\u0646\u06af \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c\u06c1 \u0632\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06c1 \u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0679\u06cc\u0679\u06cc \u067e\u0626\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba\u200c\u0627\u0686\u06be\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u06c1\u06d2\u062c\u0633 \u06a9\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062a\u06d2 \u06c1\u0648\u06d2 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0648\u0646\u0679\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u067e\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0691\u06be\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u0627 \u0633\u06a9\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0648\u0646\u0679\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0633\u06d2 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u06c1 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u06a9\u0648 \u06a9\u06c1\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u06c1 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u06d2 \u0633\u06d2 \u062c\u0691\u06d2 \u06c1\u0648\u06ba\u200c\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062f\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u06c1\u0648<\/p>\n

\n

NE tagging for Urdu based on bootstrap POS learning<\/div>\n
Human Language Technology Conference archive<\/div>\n
Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Cross Lingual Information Access: Addressing the Information Need of Multilingual Societies<\/div>\n

\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u0633\u0648\u0679\u0627 \u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u06a9\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u06cc\u06ba \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 \u0627\u0646\u06a9\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06c1 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u06c1 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u067e\u0633 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u06c1 ‘\u0644\u06cc\u0679\u0646\u0679 \u0633\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0679\u06a9 \u0627\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0633\u0632’ \u067e\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646\u06cc \u0688\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u06c1 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u06c1\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0646\u0646\u06af \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06be\u0645 ‘\u0679\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0641 \u0622\u06cc \u0688\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0641’ \u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba\u200c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u062a\u0641\u0635\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06c1\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4<\/p>\n

Concept Search in Urdu
\nKashif Riaz, University of Minnesota
\nPIKM\u201908, October 30, 2008, Napa Valley, California, USA.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u0679\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062a\u06d2 \u06c1\u0648\u06d2 \u06a9\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636 \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u062a\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba<\/p>\n

\u201cThe state of the art search engines like Google and Yahoo are keyword-based. There are very few Urdu keyword-based search engines but they simply use word match technique and don\u2019t use any stemming, stop word removal or language identification. Keyword-based engines score and rank documents based upon the presence of the query term along with other criteria like Page Rank in earlier versions of Google. Keyword searching increases information seeking time for the user. This manifests itself in two ways: First, keyword search retrieves a non-relevant document that contains a keyword e.g. the query tem plane <\/em>could mean airplane or co-ordinate plane. Second, keyword search misses documents that are relevant but don\u2019t contain the query term automobile <\/em>and car.\u201d<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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A study in Urdu corpus construction
\nInternational Conference On Computational Linguistics
\nProceedings of the 3rd workshop on Asian language resources and international standardization – Volume 12<\/p>\n

Baseline for Urdu IR evaluation
\nConference on Information and Knowledge Management
\nProceeding of the 2nd ACM workshop on Improving non english web searching<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u06c1 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0646 \u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u06c1 \u06cc\u06c1\u0627\u06ba <\/a>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0628 \u06c1\u06d2.<\/p>\n

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\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06c1 \u062c\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06c1 \u00bb \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u067e\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u06a9\u0631 \u0633\u06a9\u06d2 \u06af\u06cc\u061f \u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc \u062c\u0632 (\u0627\u0632: \u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f\u00a0…<\/a><\/h3>\n

\n

\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0631 \u0633\u0646 2000 \u0633\u06d2\u00a0 \u0686\u06be\u067e\u0646\u06d2 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u06d2 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06c1 \u062c\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • D. Becker, B. Bennett, E. Davis, D. Panton, and K. Riaz. \u201cNamed Entity Recognition in Urdu: A Progress Report\u201d. \u00a0Proceedings of the 2002 International Conference on Internet Computing. June 2002.<\/li>\n
  • D. Becker, K. Riaz. \u201cA Study in Urdu Corpus Construction.\u201d Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Asian Language Resources and International Standardization at the 19th International Conference on Computational Linguistics. August 2002.<\/li>\n
  • P. Baker, A. Hardie, T. McEnery, and B.D. Jayaram. \u201cCorpus Data for South Asian Language Processing\u201d. Proceedings of the 10th Annual Workshop for South Asian Language Processing, EACL 2003.<\/li>\n
  • K. Riaz, “Challenges in Urdu Stemming” Future Directions in Information Access. Glasgow, August 2007<\/li>\n
  • K. Riaz, “Stop Word Identification in Urdu” ,Conference of Language and Technology, Bara Gali, Pakistan, August 2007<\/li>\n
  • An analysis of Urdu and English editorial coverage of the 2007 Emergency from Pakistani newspapers\u00a0by Shoeb, Nadia Farrah, M.A., Georgetown University, 2008, 140 pages;<\/li>\n
  • Mourning Indo-Muslim modernity: Moments in post-colonial Urdu literary culture\u00a0by Naqvi, Syed Nauman, Ph.D., Columbia University, 2008, 244 pages;<\/li>\n
  • Shifting dunes: Changing meanings of Urdu in India\u00a0by Ahmad, Rizwan, Ph.D., University of Michigan, 2007, 242 pages;<\/li>\n
  • The desert of continuity: N. M. Rashed, modernism, and Urdu poetry\u00a0by Pue, A. Sean, Ph.D., Columbia University, 2007, 324 pages;<\/li>\n
  • A literature of the sublime in late colonial India: Romanticism and the epic form in modern Hindi and Urdu\u00a0by Sahota, Guriqbal S., Ph.D., The University of Chicago, 2006, 343 pages;<\/li>\n
  • A study of word frequency in written Urdu\u00a0by Khan, Quratulain H., M.A., University of Windsor (Canada), 2006, 40 pages;<\/li>\n
  • Making a worldly vernacular: Urdu, education, and Osmania University, Hyderabad, 1883–1938\u00a0by Datla, Kavita Saraswathi, Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley, 2006, 214 pages<\/li>\n
  • Negation in modern Hindi-Urdu: The development of nahII\u00a0by Lampp, Claire M., M.A., The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006, 48 pages<\/li>\n
  • Peripheries in Kashmiri and Hindi-Urdu\u00a0by Manetta, Emily Walker, Ph.D., University of California, Santa Cruz, 2006, 220 pages<\/li>\n
  • Relocating the postcolonial self: Place, metaphor, memory and the Urdu poetry of Mustafa Zaidi (1930–1970) by Steele, Laurel, Ph.D., The University of Chicago, 2005, 519 pages<\/li>\n
  • Education, the state and subject: Constitution of gendered subjectivities in\/through school curricula in Pakistan. A post-structuralist analysis of social studies and Urdu textbooks for grades I\u2014VIII by Naseem, Muhammad Ayaz, Ph.D., McGill University (Canada), 2004<\/li>\n
  • Hemispheric differences during reading in Urdu\u00a0by Adamson, Maheen Mausoof, Ph.D., University of Southern California, 2004, 229 pages<\/li>\n
  • Robust Urdu character recognition using Fourier descriptors\u00a0by Lodhi, Saeed M., Ph.D., University of Denver, 2004, 190 pages<\/li>\n
  • Banaras, Urdu, poetry, poets\u00a0by Lee, Christopher R., Ph.D., Syracuse University, 2002, 343 pages<\/li>\n
  • The intertextuality of women in Urdu literature [micorform] : a study of Fahmida Riaz and Kishwar Naheed\u00a0by Yaqin, Amina, Dr., University of London (United Kingdom), 2001<\/li>\n
  • To die and yet live: Karbala in Urdu discursive landscapes\u00a0by Hyder, Syed Akbar Adeel, Ph.D., Harvard University, 2000, 335 pages<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0628 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u060c\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0639 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d2 \u067e\u0631\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u0648\u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633 \u067e\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0648\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u06c1 \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u06c1\u062a \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0627 \u062c\u0627 \u0686\u06a9\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2. \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u06a9\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0679\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06c1\u0648\u0646\u06d2 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0635 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/urdu.adnanmasood.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/urdu.adnanmasood.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/urdu.adnanmasood.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/urdu.adnanmasood.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/urdu.adnanmasood.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/urdu.adnanmasood.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":62,"href":"http:\/\/urdu.adnanmasood.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58\/revisions\/62"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/urdu.adnanmasood.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/urdu.adnanmasood.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/urdu.adnanmasood.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}